基于数据挖掘探析姚春治疗不寐的用药经验及“通阳散结”学术观点*

作者：陈玮钰1，王 涵1，付 蕾2，冯雯倩1，杜 洋1，柯 炫1，姚 春2

单位：1.广西中医药大学研究生院，广西 南宁 530001； 2.广西中医药大学，广西 南宁 530001

引用：引用：陈玮钰，王涵，付蕾，冯雯倩，杜洋，柯炫，姚春.基于数据挖掘探析姚春治疗不寐的用药经验及其“通阳散结”学术观点[J].中医药导报,2026,32(1):216-221,234.

DOI：10.13862/j.cn43-1446/r.2026.01.035

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摘要：目的：基于不同数理统计方法探析姚春治疗不寐的用药精粹和学术观点。方法：收集姚春治疗不寐的门诊处方，运用R、Lantern、SPSS Statistics等工具进行频数分析、复杂共现网络分析、关联规则、相关性分析、隐结构分析和因子分析。结果：纳入中药处方386份，涉及中药184味，用药总频数达8 223次，药性以温、平居多，药味偏辛、甘、咸，主归肝、心、脾，药效以补虚、理气、安神为主。频数分析和复杂共现网络分析得出核心药物为茯苓、白术、柴胡、陈皮、白芍、枳实、牡蛎、桂枝、炙甘草、龙骨、生地黄、薤白，关联规则和相关性分析得出柴胡-白芍、白术-茯苓、龙骨-牡蛎、延胡索-丹参-郁金为核心药物配伍，隐结构分析综合聚类获得6类药组，因子分析获得14个公因子。结论：不寐病性属本虚标实，发病肇始于元气亏虚、阴阳失交，姚春创新性地提出“结”是该病的关键病机，包括气结、痰结、瘀结，并强调通调阳气当贯穿整个治疗过程，应遵循“通阳散结”的核心治则，辨证施治，处方以四逆散、枳实薤白桂枝汤、桂枝加龙骨牡蛎汤、苓桂术甘汤等经典名方为基础加减化裁，药简效宏。

关键词：不寐；用药规律；通阳散结；数据挖掘；姚春；名医经验

Abstract：

Objective: To explore the essence of medication and academic viewpoints of YAO Chun in the treatment of insomnia based on different mathematical and statistical methods. Methods: The outpatient prescriptions for insomnia treated by YAO Chun were collected. Tools including R, Lantern and SPSS Statistics were adopted to conduct frequency analysis, complex co-occurrence network analysis, association rule analysis, correlation analysis, latent structure analysis and factor analysis. Results: A total of 386 traditional Chinese medicines prescriptions were included, involving 184 kinds of Chinese medicinal materials, with the total frequency of medication use reaching 8,223 times. The medicinal properties were mostly warm-natured and neutral-natured. The medicinal flavors were predominantly pungent, sweet and salty. The herbs mainly tropism to the liver, heart and spleen meridians. The core efficacies were mainly tonifying deficiency, regulating Qi and tranquilizing the mind. Frequency analysis and complex co-occurrence network analysis showed that the core drugs were Fuling (Poria), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus), Muli (Ostreae Concha), Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus), Zhigancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix cum Liquido Fricta), Longgu (Mastodi Ossis Fossilia), Shengdihuang (Rehmanniae Radix Exsiccata seu Recens), and Xiebai (Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus). Association rule analysis and correlation analysis indicated that the core herb pairs and combinations were Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix)-Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma)-Fuling (Poria), Longgu (Mastodi Ossis Fossilia)-Muli (Ostreae Concha), and Yanhusuo (Corydalis Rhizoma)-Danshen (Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix)-Yujin (Curcumae Radix). Latent structure analysis and clustering yielded 6 medicine groups, and factor analysis extracted 14 common factors. Conclusion: Insomnia is characterized by deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality. Its onset originates from primordial Qi deficiency and disharmony between Yin and Yang. YAO Chun innovatively proposed that "nodules" is the key pathogenesis of this disease, including Qi nodules, phlegm nodules, and blood stasis nodules. He emphasized that the regulation of Yang Qi should be integrated throughout the entire treatment process, adhering to the core therapeutic principle of "Tongyang Sanjie (unblocking Yang and resolving nodules)", while applying individualized treatment based on syndrome differentiation. The prescription draws upon classical formulas such as Sini San (四逆散), Zhishi Xiebai Guizhi Decoction (枳实薤白桂枝汤), Guizhi Jia Longgu Musi Decoction (桂枝加龙骨牡蛎汤), and Linggui Zhugan Decoction (苓桂术甘汤), with appropriate modifications and adaptations. This approach is both concise and efficacious, providing valuable reference for subsequent scholars in clinical practice.

Key words：insomnia; medication rule; Tongyang Sanjie; data mining; YAO Chun; experience of famous doctors

发布时间：2026-01-30

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