基于标本兼治理论探讨中医药治疗肺结节的研究进展
作者：孙杨倩，张 平
单位：上海中医药大学附属曙光医院传统医学科，上海 201203
引用：引用：孙杨倩，张平.基于标本兼治理论探讨中医药治疗肺结节的研究进展[J].中医药导报,2025,31(4):137-141.
DOI：10.13862/j.cn43-1446/r.2025.04.023
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摘要：从中医学对肺部结节病因病机的认识、标本兼治之法及在肺结节治疗中的应用3个方面阐述了中医药治疗肺结节的进展。中医学认为机体禀赋不足则肺气本虚，通调水道之力不足，水饮凝聚成痰，若感外邪，气血津液运行不畅发为血瘀，若情志内伤，肝气上逆于肺，横逆犯脾，脾运化失司，痰饮湿热内生，留滞于肺，痰浊血瘀邪气相互搏结，形成肺积。采用标本兼治之法以培补肺脾、疏肝解郁为本，清热祛湿化痰散瘀通络为标，针对肺脾气虚、痰瘀互结、肝郁气滞血瘀、气阴两虚等多种证型进行辨证论治，具有促进肺结节吸收、改善肺功能、免疫功能、减轻炎症反应、预防结节恶变、提高生活质量、调节负性情绪等作用。
关键词：肺结节；肺积；标本兼治；辨证论治；综述
Abstract：
This paper expounds the progress of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of pulmonary nodules from three aspects: the understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of pulmonary nodules in traditional Chinese medicine, the method of treating both symptoms and root causes, and its application in the treatment of pulmonary nodules. According to traditional Chinese medicine, if the body's endowment is insufficient, the lung Qi will be deficient and the ability to regulate water channels will be insufficient. The water will condense into phlegm. If there are external evils, the Qi, blood, and body fluids will not flow smoothly, resulting in blood stasis. If the emotions are damaged, the liver Qi will reverse to lungs, transverse inversion invades the spleen, and when the spleen fails to move and transform, phlegm and fluids are damp and hot, which stays in the lungs. The evil Qi of phlegm turbidity and stasis interact with each other to form lung accumulation. The method of treating both the symptoms and root causes is adopted, with nourishing and strengthening the lung and spleen, soothing the liver and relieving depression as the root treatment, and clearing heat, removing dampness, resolving phlegm, dissipating blood stasis, and dredging collaterals as the symptomatic treatment. It conducts syndrome differentiation and treatment for various syndrome types such as deficiency of lung and spleen Qi, intermingled phlegm and blood stasis, stagnation of liver Qi and blood stasis, and deficiency of both Qi and Yin. It has the effects of promoting the absorption of pulmonary nodules, improving lung function and immune function, reducing the inflammatory response, preventing the malignant transformation of nodules, improving the quality of life, and regulating negative emotions.
Key words：pulmonary nodules; lung accumulation; treating both symptoms and root causes; syndrome differentiation and treatment; review
发布时间：2025-12-20
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