中医护理干预防治早产儿喂养不耐受的Meta分析*

作者：赵 辉，叶惠凤，涂江美

单位：珠海市中西医结合医院，广东 珠海 519000

引用：引用：赵辉，叶惠凤，涂江美.中医护理干预防治早产儿喂养不耐受的Meta分析[J].中医药导报,2026,32(5):236-241.

DOI：10.13862/j.cn43-1446/r.2026.05.036

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摘要：目的：评价中医护理干预对早产儿喂养不耐受预防及治疗的效果。方法：检索Web of Science、Cochrane Library、Embase、PubMed、CINAHL、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普网关于早产儿喂养不耐受中医护理干预的所有文献。检索时限均为建库至2025年4月30日。严格按照纳入和排除标准进行文献的筛选，并使用Cochrane协作网对RCT的真实性评价工具（RoB1）进行文献质量评价。运用RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果：通过检索获得3 664篇文献，最终纳入18项研究，研究对象1 915例。Meta分析结果显示，中医护理干预与早产儿常规护理在喂养不耐受发生率[RR=0.46，95%CI（0.35，0.62），P＜0.05]、临床疗效[RR=1.23，95%CI（1.15，1.30），P＜0.05]、呕吐症状消失时间[MD=-0.86，95%CI（-1.10，-0.62），P＜0.05]、腹胀症状消失时间[MD=-1.71， 95%CI（-2.82，-0.60），P＜0.05]、胃潴留症状消失时间[MD=-1.01，95%CI（-1.22，-0.80），P＜0.05]方面，差异均有统计学意义。结论：与早产儿常规护理相比，中医护理干预可降低早产儿喂养不耐受发生率、提高临床疗效，在缓解喂养不耐受症状上更具优势。中医护理干预的操作方法复杂多样，无法对干预时间、部位、频率等进行全面分析，不同干预之间缺乏直接比较，未来仍需要进一步研究。

关键词：喂养不耐受；早产儿；中医护理干预；Meta分析

Abstract：

Objective: To evaluate the effect of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) nursing intervention on the prevention and treatment of feeding intolerance in preterm infants. Methods: Databases including Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, CINAHL, Chinese Biomedical Literature Service System (SinoMed), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform (Wanfang Data) and China Science and Technology Journal Database (CSTJ) were searched for literature on TCM nursing intervention for feeding intolerance in preterm infants from the establishment of the databases to April 30, 2025. Literature screening was conducted strictly according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool (RoB1) was used to assess the quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software. Results: A total of 3,664 articles were retrieved, and 18 studies involving 1,915 participants were finally included. Meta-analysis showed that compared with conventional preterm infant care, TCM nursing intervention was associated with significant differences in the incidence of feeding intolerance [RR=0.46, 95%CI(0.35, 0.62), P＜0.05], clinical efficacy [RR=1.23, 95%CI(1.15, 1.30), P＜0.05], time to disappearance of vomiting [MD=-0.86, 95%CI(-1.10, -0.62), P＜0.05], time to disappearance of abdominal distension [MD=-1.71, 95%CI(-2.82, -0.60), P＜0.05], and time to disappearance of gastric retention [MD=-1.01, 95%CI (-1.22, -0.80), P＜0.05]. Conclusion: Compared with conventional care, TCM nursing intervention can reduce the incidence of feeding intolerance and improve clinical efficacy in preterm infants, with superior effects in relieving related symptoms. The operation methods of TCM nursing intervention are diverse and complex, so it is impossible to comprehensively analyze the intervention time, site, frequency and other parameters, and there is a lack of direct comparison among different interventions. Further research is still needed in the future.

Key words：feeding intolerance; preterm infants; traditional Chinese medicine nursing intervention; Meta-analysis

发布时间：2026-05-24

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