基于数据挖掘分析史载祥治疗胃痞病的用药规律*

作者：刘 源1，王 乔1，张天林1，朱婷婷2，史载祥3，张艳丽3，杜时雨3

单位：1.北京中医药大学研究生院，北京 100029； 2.北京市第六医院，北京 100009；3.中日友好医院，北京 100029

引用：引用：刘源，王乔，张天林，朱婷婷，史载祥，张艳丽，杜时雨.基于数据挖掘分析史载祥治疗胃痞病的用药规律[J].中医药导报,2026,32(5):174-179.

DOI：10.13862/j.cn43-1446/r.2026.05.028

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摘要：目的：利用数据挖掘技术系统分析史载祥治疗胃痞病的用药规律，总结其核心处方及学术思想。方法：收集2023年11月6日至2025年1月13日中日友好医院史载祥门诊诊治胃痞病患者的处方，建立处方数据库，基于R语言、Python等软件使用剂量分布统计、关联规则、集合与聚类分析等方法，分析药物频数、四气五味、归经、核心药对配伍及组方规律等。结果：共纳入医案162则，辨证以肝胃不和证、痰湿中阻证居多。包括227种中药，药物总频数为2 637，高频药物排前3位者为炙甘草、半夏、黄连。药性以温、寒为主，药味以甘、苦、辛居多；归经集中于脾、胃、肺经等；常见药对为炙甘草-半夏、炙甘草-黄连等，强关联组合包括山楂-麦芽、黄芪-莪术、黄芪-升麻等。集合分析针对肝胃不和、湿热阻胃、痰湿中阻、脾胃虚弱4种证型提取出对应9种集合，聚类分析挖掘出12首核心处方，包含升陷祛瘀汤、瓜蒌薤白半夏汤等方剂，以调畅气机、健脾益气为主。结论：史载祥运用通补法治疗胃痞病，以调畅气机、疏肝和胃、化痰祛瘀、培补脾胃为核心治法，寒温并用，可为胃痞病的临床辨证诊疗思路提供参考。

关键词：胃痞病；通补法；数据挖掘；用药规律；史载祥

Abstract：

Objective: To systematically analyze the medication rules and summarize the core prescriptions and academic thoughts of SHI Zaixiang in the treatment of gastric stuffiness using data mining technology. Methods: Prescriptions of patients with gastric stuffiness diagnosed and treated by SHI Zaixiang in the outpatient department of China-Japan Friendship Hospital from November 6, 2023 to January 13, 2025 were collected, and a prescription database was established. Based on R language, Python and other software, methods such as dose distribution statistics, association rules, set and cluster analysis were used to analyze the frequency of medicines, four natures and five flavors, meridian tropism, compatibility of core medicine pairs and formulation rules. Results: A total of 162 medical cases were included, with liver-stomach disharmony syndrome and phlegm-dampness obstruction syndrome being the most common syndromes. There were 227 kinds of Chinese medicines with a total frequency of 2 637, and the top three high-frequency medicines were Zhigancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix cum Liquido Fricta), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) and Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma). The medicinal properties were mainly warm and cold, and the medicinal tastes were mostly sweet, bitter and pungent. The meridian tropism was concentrated in the spleen, stomach and lung meridians. Common medicine pairs included Zhigancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix cum Liquido Fricta)-Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma), Zhigancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix cum Liquido Fricta)-Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), etc. Strong association combinations included Shanzha (Crataegi Fructus)-Maiya (Hordei Fructus Germinatus), Huangqi (Astragali Radix)-Ezhu (Curcumae Rhizoma), Huangqi (Astragali Radix)-Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), etc. Set analysis extracted 9 corresponding sets for 4 syndromes: liver-stomach disharmony, damp-heat obstruction, phlegm-dampness obstruction, and spleen-stomach deficiency. Cluster analysis excavated 12 core prescriptions, including Shengxian Quyu Decoction (升陷祛瘀汤), Gualou Xiebai Banxia Decoction (瓜蒌薤白半夏汤), etc., which mainly focus on regulating Qi activity, invigorating the spleen and replenishing Qi. Conclusion: SHI Zaixiang applies the Tongbu method in the treatment of gastric stuffiness, with regulating Qi activity, soothing the liver and harmonizing the stomach, resolving phlegm and removing blood stasis, and tonifying the spleen and stomach as the core therapeutic methods, combining cold and warm medicines, which can provide a reference for the clinical syndrome differentiation, diagnosis and treatment of gastric stuffiness.

Key words：gastric stuffiness; Tongbu method; data mining; medication rules; SHI Zaixiang

发布时间：2026-05-24

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