中医药治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病的研究进展*

作者：耿蓓蓓1，周胜红2

单位：1.山东中医药大学，山东 济南 250014； 2.山东省中医药研究院，山东 济南 250014

引用：引用：耿蓓蓓，周胜红.中医药治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病的研究进展[J].中医药导报,2026,32(5):163-168,179.

DOI：10.13862/j.cn43-1446/r.2026.05.026

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摘要：系统分析慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）中医病机、证型及治疗进展。病机演变由肺气虚渐及脾肾，形成痰瘀互结、阳虚水泛等复杂证候。证型分布上，稳定期以肺脾气虚、肺肾气虚证为主，急性加重期以痰热壅肺、痰浊阻肺及痰瘀互结证多见。中医药治疗强调分期论治，急性期以清热化痰、活血化瘀为主，稳定期注重补肺健脾、温肾纳气。中药复方、针灸、穴位贴敷等疗法在改善症状、减少急性加重方面疗效显著，综合疗法则进一步提升疗效。现代研究进一步揭示了COPD的中医病机与炎症反应、氧化应激、肠道菌群失调的关联，为中西医结合治疗该病提供依据。

关键词：慢性阻塞性肺疾病；中医病机；中医药治疗；综述

Abstract：

This article systematically analyzes the pathogenesis, syndrome characteristics, and treatment progress of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The pathogenesis evolves from lung qi deficiency gradually involving the spleen and kidney, forming complex syndromes such as phlegm-stasis interaction and yang deficiency with water overflow. In terms of syndrome distribution, the stable phase is dominated by lung-spleen qi deficiency and lung-kidney qi deficiency syndromes, while the acute exacerbation phase is characterized by phlegm-heat obstructing the lung, phlegm turbidity obstructing the lung, and phlegm-stasis interaction. TCM treatment emphasizes staged treatment: clearing heat and resolving phlegm, and promoting blood circulation and removing stasis in the acute phase; and tonifying the lung and spleen, and warming the kidney and receiving qi in the stable phase. TCM compound formulas, acupuncture, and acupoint application have shown significant efficacy in improving symptoms and reducing acute exacerbations, and comprehensive therapies further enhance the efficacy. Modern research reveals the correlations between TCM pathogenesis and inflammation, oxidative stress, and gut microbiota dysbiosis, providing a basis for integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine treatment.

Key words：chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; TCM pathogenesis; traditional Chinese medicine treatment; review

发布时间：2026-05-23

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