基于UHPLC Q-Exactive Plus Orbitrap MS/MS快速鉴定复方黄芩清咽胶囊的化学成分及血清移行成分

作者：田茂良1,2，彭 玥1,2，张 丽1,2，周祖英1,3，何 峰1,2，迟明艳1,2，郑 林1,3

单位：1.贵州医科大学中药功效成分发掘与利用全国重点实验室，贵州 贵阳 550004； 2.贵州医科大学药学院，贵州 贵阳 550004； 3.贵州医科大学民族药与中药开发应用教育部工程研究中心，贵州 贵阳 550004

引用：引用：田茂良，彭玥，张丽，周祖英，何峰，迟明艳，郑林.基于UHPLC Q-Exactive Plus Orbitrap MS/MS快速鉴定复方黄芩清咽胶囊的化学成分及血清移行成分[J].中医药导报,2026,32(4):67-74,101.

DOI：10.13862/j.cn43-1446/r.2026.04.011

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摘要：目的：采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆-静电场轨道阱高分辨串联质谱（UHPLC Q-Exactive Plus Orbitrap MS/MS）对复方黄芩清咽胶囊的化学成分及血清移行成分进行快速定性，为体内药效物质基础研究提供参考。方法：给予大鼠复方黄芩清咽胶囊混悬液灌胃，眼眶取血后分离血清。采用Hypersil gold（2.1 mm×150.0 mm，1.9 μm）色谱柱，0.1%甲酸乙腈（A）-水（B）梯度洗脱，体积流量0.3 mL/min，柱温40 ℃，高温高压电喷雾电离化源，进行正、负离子扫描，使用Compound Discover 3.2和Xcalibur 4.7软件对比复方黄芩清咽胶囊提取物、空白血清和含药血清图谱差异，分析复方黄芩清咽胶囊的化学成分及大鼠血清移行成分。结果：复方黄芩清咽胶囊中共检测到47个化合物，其中包括黄酮类20个，酚酸类5个，生物碱类3个，其他类成分19个。大鼠含药血清中共检测到29种物质，其中原型成分12个，代谢产物17个。结论：本研究明确了复方黄芩清咽胶囊的化学成分及血清移行成分，为该制剂的药效物质基础研究奠定基础。

关键词：复方黄芩清咽胶囊；化学成分；血清移行成分；UHPLC Q-ExactivePlus Orbitrap MS/MS；大鼠

Abstract：Objective: To conduct rapid qualitative analysis of the chemical components and serum migrant components of Compound Huangqin Qingyan capsule using UHPLC Q-Exactive Plus Orbitrap MS/MS, so as to provide a reference for the study on the in vivo pharmacodynamic material basis. Methods: Rats were orally administered a suspension of Compound Huangqin Qingyan capsule, and blood samples were collected via the orbital plexus followed by serum separation. Chromatographic separation was performed on a Hypersil Gold column (2.1 mm×150.0 mm, 1.9 μm) using a gradient elution system consisting of 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile (A) and water (B) at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. The column temperature was maintained at 40 ℃. A high-temperature and high-pressure electrospray ionization source was employed for both positive and negative ion scanning modes. According to Compound Discoverer 3.2 and Xcalibur 4.7 software, chromatographic profiles of the capsule extract, blank serum, and drug-containing serum were compared to identify the chemical constituents of Compound Huangqin Qingyan capsule and its migrant components in rat serum. Results：A total of 47 compounds were identified in compound Huangqin Qingyan capsule in vitro, including 20 flavonoids, 5 phenolic acids, 3 alkaloids, and 19 components of other classes. Additionally, 29 substances were detected in the drug-containing serum of rats, among which 12 were prototype components and 17 were metabolites. Conclusion: This study clarified the chemical components and serum migrant components of Compound Huangqin Qingyan capsule, laying a foundation for further research on the pharmacodynamic material basis of this preparation.

Key words：Compound Huangqin Qingyan capsule; chemical components; serum migrant components; UHPLC Q-Exactive Plus Orbitrap MS/MS; rat

发布时间：2026-04-26

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