中医药调控线粒体动力学抗肿瘤研究进展*

作者：向福兰，王 雯，肖佳乐，唐 乐，何迎春

单位：湖南中医药大学，湖南 长沙 410208

引用：引用：向福兰，王雯，肖佳乐，唐乐，何迎春.中医药调控线粒体动力学抗肿瘤研究进展[J].中医药导报,2026,32(3):116-122.

DOI：10.13862/j.cn43-1446/r.2026.03.019

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摘要：本文综述了线粒体动力学在肿瘤发生、发展中的关键作用及中医药通过调控线粒体动力学抗肿瘤的研究进展。线粒体动力学失衡与肿瘤恶性进展密切相关。线粒体过度分裂促进肿瘤增殖、转移及耐药，融合异常则导致代谢重编程。多种中药活性成分、单味中药、中药复方可通过调节动力相关蛋白1（Drp1）、线粒体分裂蛋白1（Fis1）、线粒体融合蛋白1（Mfn1）、视神经萎缩蛋白1（Opa1）等关键蛋白表达，破坏线粒体稳态，引发线粒体碎片化、膜电位崩塌及能量代谢障碍，进而促使活性氧爆发和细胞色素C释放，调控B细胞淋巴瘤-2（Bcl-2）家族蛋白，激活胱天蛋白酶（Caspase）级联反应诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡。部分中药成分还可协同调控线粒体自噬与铁死亡等新型细胞死亡途径，抑制肿瘤转移。

关键词：肿瘤；线粒体动力学；线粒体裂变；线粒体融合；中医药；综述

Abstract：This article reviews the critical role of mitochondrial dynamics in tumorigenesis and progression, as well as the research progress on the anti-tumor effects of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) by regulating mitochondrial dynamics. An imbalance in mitochondrial dynamics is closely related to malignant tumor progression. Excessive mitochondrial fission promotes tumor proliferation, metastasis, and drug resistance, while abnormal fusion leads to metabolic reprogramming. Various active components of TCM, single herbs, and TCM formulas can disrupt mitochondrial homeostasis by regulating the expression of key proteins such as dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), mitochondrial fission protein 1 (Fis1), mitofusin 1 (Mfn1), and optic atrophy 1 (Opa1). This disruption leads to mitochondrial fragmentation, collapse of membrane potential, and energy metabolism disorders, subsequently triggering a burst of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the release of cytochrome C. This regulates B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) family proteins and activates the Caspase cascade, inducing tumor cell apoptosis. Some TCM components can also coordinately regulate novel cell death pathways such as mitophagy and ferroptosis, thereby inhibiting tumor metastasis.

Key words：tumor; mitochondrial dynamics; mitochondrial fission; mitochondrial fusion; traditional Chinese medicine; review

发布时间：2026-03-28

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